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Structural and molecular basis of mismatch correction and ribavirin excision from coronavirus RNA

Identifieur interne : 000091 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000090; suivant : 000092

Structural and molecular basis of mismatch correction and ribavirin excision from coronavirus RNA

Auteurs : François Ferron [France] ; Lorenzo Subissi [France] ; Ana Theresa Silveira De Morais [France] ; Nhung Thi Tuyet Le [France] ; Marion Sevajol [France] ; Laure Gluais [France] ; Etienne Decroly [France] ; Clemens Vonrhein ; Gérard Bricogne ; Bruno Canard [France] ; Isabelle Imbert [France]

Source :

RBID : PMC:5777078

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Significance

Emerging coronaviruses (CoVs; severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV) pose serious health threats globally, with no specific antiviral treatments available. These viruses are able to faithfully synthesize their large genomic RNA. We report, however, that their main RNA polymerase, nsp12, is not accurate. To achieve accuracy, CoVs have acquired nsp14, a bifunctional enzyme able to methylate the viral RNA cap [methyltransferase (MTase)] and excise erroneous mutagenic nucleotides inserted by nsp12. Strikingly, ribavirin can be excised from the viral genome, thus showing no antiviral activity. The crystal structure of nsp14 shows that it is unique, having been replaced by other MTase types during evolution. This unprecedented RNA correction machinery has allowed RNA genome size expansion, but also provided potential nucleoside drug resistance to these deadly pathogens.


Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718806115
PubMed: 29279395
PubMed Central: 5777078


Affiliations:


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PMC:5777078

Le document en format XML

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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<title>Significance</title>
<p>Emerging coronaviruses (CoVs; severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV) pose serious health threats globally, with no specific antiviral treatments available. These viruses are able to faithfully synthesize their large genomic RNA. We report, however, that their main RNA polymerase, nsp12, is not accurate. To achieve accuracy, CoVs have acquired nsp14, a bifunctional enzyme able to methylate the viral RNA cap [methyltransferase (MTase)] and excise erroneous mutagenic nucleotides inserted by nsp12. Strikingly, ribavirin can be excised from the viral genome, thus showing no antiviral activity. The crystal structure of nsp14 shows that it is unique, having been replaced by other MTase types during evolution. This unprecedented RNA correction machinery has allowed RNA genome size expansion, but also provided potential nucleoside drug resistance to these deadly pathogens.</p>
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<li>France</li>
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<name sortKey="Bricogne, Gerard" sort="Bricogne, Gerard" uniqKey="Bricogne G" first="Gérard" last="Bricogne">Gérard Bricogne</name>
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<name sortKey="Canard, Bruno" sort="Canard, Bruno" uniqKey="Canard B" first="Bruno" last="Canard">Bruno Canard</name>
<name sortKey="Decroly, Etienne" sort="Decroly, Etienne" uniqKey="Decroly E" first="Etienne" last="Decroly">Etienne Decroly</name>
<name sortKey="Gluais, Laure" sort="Gluais, Laure" uniqKey="Gluais L" first="Laure" last="Gluais">Laure Gluais</name>
<name sortKey="Imbert, Isabelle" sort="Imbert, Isabelle" uniqKey="Imbert I" first="Isabelle" last="Imbert">Isabelle Imbert</name>
<name sortKey="Le, Nhung Thi Tuyet" sort="Le, Nhung Thi Tuyet" uniqKey="Le N" first="Nhung Thi Tuyet" last="Le">Nhung Thi Tuyet Le</name>
<name sortKey="Sevajol, Marion" sort="Sevajol, Marion" uniqKey="Sevajol M" first="Marion" last="Sevajol">Marion Sevajol</name>
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</affiliations>
</record>

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